in acetic acid 0.0833333 h; Heating;

sodium hydroxide; tetrabutylammomium bromide

benzoic acid in toluene T=150°C; 0.25 h; Microwave irradiation;

hydrogenchloride in water; toluene pH=2 - 3; 48 h;

1: 12N hydrochloric acid / ethanol / Ambient temperature; overnight 2: 86 percent / acetic acid / 0.08 h / Heating View Scheme

1: N-bromosuccinimide, benzoylperoxide / CCl4 / 5 h / Heating 2: CCl4 / 3 h / Heating 3: 36percent HCl / methanol / Heating 4: toluene; H2O / pH= 1-2 View Scheme

1: CCl4 / 3 h / Heating 2: 36percent HCl / methanol / Heating 3: toluene; H2O / pH= 1-2 View Scheme

1: hydrazine hydrate / ethanol / 4 h / Heating 2: 86 percent / acetic acid / 0.08 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 85 percent / dimethylformamide / 3 h / Heating 2: hydrazine hydrate / ethanol / 4 h / Heating 3: 86 percent / acetic acid / 0.08 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 64 percent / HCl (g) / diethyl ether / 10 degC, 3h, then r.t., overnight 2: 83 percent / H2O / 1 h / 80 °C 3: 87 percent / triethylamine / toluene / 6 h / 95 °C / r.t., overnight 4: H2 / PtO2 / ethyl acetate / 3.5 h / Ambient temperature 5: H2 / PtO2 / acetic acid; ethyl acetate / 1.5 h / Ambient temperature 6: 90 percent / triethylamine / tetrahydrofuran / Ambient temperature; overnight 7: 96 percent / H2 / 5percent Pd-on-carbon / acetic acid; ethanol / 1.5 h / 40 °C / 2280 Torr 8: 1M diborane / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / Heating View Scheme