1: (R)-lt;1-(1-Naphthyl)ethylgt;ammonium chloride With sodium hydroxide in toluene 2: 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoic acid in toluene T=140 - 150°C; Further stages.;

1: With Et3N-BH3 in methanol T=20°C; 16 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride in water T=0°C; 13 h; Reagent/catalyst;

1.1: hydrogenchloride / ethanol; water / 0.08 h / microwave irradiation 2.1: sodium hydroxide; sodium tetrahydroborate / water; methanol / 0.5 h / -10 - 0 °C 2.2: 5 - 50 °C / pH 1 3.1: thionyl chloride / toluene / 30 - 40 °C 4.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate / toluene; water / 15 - 20 °C / pH 8 - 9 / Inert atmosphere 4.2: 20 °C / 750.08 Torr View Scheme

1: With sodium cyanoborohydride in methanol T=20°C; 20 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride in diethyl ether T=0°C; 13 h;

methanol; sodium tris(acetoxy)borohydride T=20°C; 2 h;

1: With ammonia in water; toluene 2: With hydrogenchloride in ethyl acetate; isopropyl alcohol T=10 - 15°C; pH=3 - 4;

1.1: hydroxylamine hydrochloride; sodium hydroxide / methanol; water / 20 - 35 °C / pH 6 - 6.5 2.1: ammonia; hydrogen / methanol; water / 58 - 62 °C / 2574.5 - 2942.29 Torr 3.1: ethanol / 0.75 h / 60 - 65 °C / Resolution of racemate 4.1: ammonia / water; toluene 4.2: 10 - 15 °C / pH 3 - 4 View Scheme

1.1: ammonia; hydrogen / methanol; water / 58 - 62 °C / 2574.5 - 2942.29 Torr 2.1: ethanol / 0.75 h / 60 - 65 °C / Resolution of racemate 3.1: ammonia / water; toluene 3.2: 10 - 15 °C / pH 3 - 4 View Scheme