dichloro bis(acetonitrile) palladium(II); potassium carbonate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=45°C; Stille coupling; 8 h; Inert atmosphere; optical yield given as percent destereoselective reaction;

trifluoroacetic acid 1) benzene, reflux, 2) room temp.; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); lithium chloride in tetrahydrofuran 3 h; Heating;

triphenylphosphine in dichloromethane CBr4 (1.21 equiv.) and PPH3 (1.10 equiv.) reacted at 0°C for 1 h;

pyridine; thionyl chloride 2) room temp.; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

triphenylphosphine; lithium chloride; palladium diacetate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=65°C; Stille coupling; 3 h;

trifluoroacetic acid 1) benzene, reflux, 2) room temp.; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

diethylzinc in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; dichloromethane under Ar; 1) Et2Zn, CH2I2, CH2Cl2/DME, below -10°C, ca. 20 min; 2) to alkene, chiral 1,3,2-dioxoborolane and MS 4A added Zn(CH2I)2/DME complex (from 1)) at below -15°C (20 min), then stirring at -10°C (2 h) and at room temp. (20 h); quenching (satd. aq. NH4Cl), extn. (ether), treatment with 5 M KOH (9 hat room temp.), washing (10percent HCl, satd. NaHCO3, water, brine), drying (mgSO4), flash column chromy. (SiO2, hexane/ethyl acetate = 10:1);

Zn(CH2I)2 in dichloromethane (inert atm.); room temp., 2 h; 90percent enantiomeric purity;

1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane; Pd0(tris(tert-butyl)phosphine)2; sodium chloride in water T=20°C; Stille Cross Coupling; 1 h; Inert atmosphere;