in acetic anhydride; acetic acid T=20°C; 24 h;

1: NaNO2 / acetic anhydride; acetic acid / 2 h / 0 °C 2: acetic anhydride; acetic acid / 24 h / 20 °C View Scheme

ammonium cerium(IV) nitrate 0.05 h; microwave irradiation;

in diethyl ether 20 h; Heating;

1: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 2: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 3: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 4: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 5: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 6: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 7: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 8: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 9: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 10: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 11: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 12: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 13: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 14: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 15: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 16: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 17: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 18: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 19: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 20: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 21: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 22: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 23: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme

oxygen; nitrogen(IV) oxide; ozone in dichloromethane T=0°C; 1 h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given;

1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane; Bi(NO3)3·5H2O 0.05 h; Microwave irradiation;

1: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 3: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 4: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 5: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 6: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 7: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 8: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 9: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 10: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 11: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 12: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 13: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 14: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 15: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 16: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 3: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 4: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 5: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 6: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 7: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 8: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 9: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 10: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 11: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 12: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 13: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 14: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 15: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 16: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 17: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 18: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 19: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 20: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 3: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 4: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme