1: HgCl2 / methanol; H2O / 4 h / Heating 2: KOH / methanol / 2 h / Heating 3: H2NOH*HCl / ethanol; H2O / 24 h / Heating 4: H2SO4 / 3 h / Heating View Scheme

1: HgCl2 / methanol; H2O / 4 h / Heating 2: KOH / methanol / 2 h / Heating View Scheme

1: HgCl2 / methanol; H2O / 4 h / Heating 2: KOH / methanol / 2 h / Heating 3: 83 percent / n-BuLi, i-Pr2NH / hexane; tetrahydrofuran / 1.) -25 deg C, 70 min, 2.) 2 h 4: H2NOH*HCl / ethanol; H2O / 24 h / Heating View Scheme

2: 1) H2NOH*HCl / 1) EtOH, heating, 2) EtOH, H+ View Scheme

Yield given. Multistep reaction;