1: 1.) polyphosphoric acid, 2.) 10percent sodium hydroxide solution; conc. HCl / 1.) chlorobenzene, reflux, 2.) reflux 2: 42 percent / triethylamine; 10percent HCl / acetic anhydride / Heating 3: iodine / benzene; cyclohexane / 4 h / Irradiation 4: powdered copper / quinoline / 1 h / Heating View Scheme