potassium permanganate; tetrabutylammomium bromide in water; benzene 1) 1 h, 10 deg C; 2) 30 min, 40 deg C;

1: H2O2 / acetic acid 2: 24 percent / 65 percent HNO3, conc. H2SO4 / 3 h / 93 - 95 °C 3: 78 percent / Na / methanol / 1) 2.5 h, room temperature; 2) 28 h, heating 4: 86 percent / acetic acid / 4 h / 130 °C 5: 94 percent / NaOH / 0.75 h / 100 °C 6: 69 percent / KMnO4, tetrabutylammoniumbromide / benzene; H2O / 1) 1 h, 10 deg C; 2) 30 min, 40 deg C View Scheme

1: 94 percent / NaOH / 0.75 h / 100 °C 2: 69 percent / KMnO4, tetrabutylammoniumbromide / benzene; H2O / 1) 1 h, 10 deg C; 2) 30 min, 40 deg C View Scheme

1: 86 percent / acetic acid / 4 h / 130 °C 2: 94 percent / NaOH / 0.75 h / 100 °C 3: 69 percent / KMnO4, tetrabutylammoniumbromide / benzene; H2O / 1) 1 h, 10 deg C; 2) 30 min, 40 deg C View Scheme

1: 78 percent / Na / methanol / 1) 2.5 h, room temperature; 2) 28 h, heating 2: 86 percent / acetic acid / 4 h / 130 °C 3: 94 percent / NaOH / 0.75 h / 100 °C 4: 69 percent / KMnO4, tetrabutylammoniumbromide / benzene; H2O / 1) 1 h, 10 deg C; 2) 30 min, 40 deg C View Scheme

1: 24 percent / 65 percent HNO3, conc. H2SO4 / 3 h / 93 - 95 °C 2: 78 percent / Na / methanol / 1) 2.5 h, room temperature; 2) 28 h, heating 3: 86 percent / acetic acid / 4 h / 130 °C 4: 94 percent / NaOH / 0.75 h / 100 °C 5: 69 percent / KMnO4, tetrabutylammoniumbromide / benzene; H2O / 1) 1 h, 10 deg C; 2) 30 min, 40 deg C View Scheme