1: 84 percent / N,N-dimethylaniline, phosphorus oxychloride, tetraethylammonium chloride / 0.17 h / Heating 2: 81 percent / triethylamine / methanol / 4 h / Ambient temperature 3: 89 percent / phenol, boron trifluoride diethyl etherate / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Heating 4: ammonium sulfate / 3 h / Heating 5: mercury(II) cyanide / benzene / 2 h / Heating 6: 94 percent / hydrazine monohydrate / ethanol / 18 h / Heating 7: 70 percent / yellow mercury(II) oxide / 2-methoxy-ethanol / 2 h / 80 °C View Scheme

1: ammonium sulfate / 3 h / Heating 2: mercury(II) cyanide / benzene / 2 h / Heating 3: 94 percent / hydrazine monohydrate / ethanol / 18 h / Heating 4: 70 percent / yellow mercury(II) oxide / 2-methoxy-ethanol / 2 h / 80 °C View Scheme

1: 94 percent / hydrazine monohydrate / ethanol / 18 h / Heating 2: 70 percent / yellow mercury(II) oxide / 2-methoxy-ethanol / 2 h / 80 °C View Scheme

1: 1.) NaH / 1.) DMF, room temperature, 30 min, 2) 15 min 2: 76 percent / Dowex 1x4 (OH-) / methanol; H2O / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: 85 percent / aq. HCl / 50 °C / electrolysis, -0.75V, initial current 50-60 mA 2: 1.) NaH / 1.) DMF, room temperature, 30 min, 2) 15 min 3: 76 percent / Dowex 1x4 (OH-) / methanol; H2O / Ambient temperature View Scheme