1: 90 percent / 40percent H2O2, acetic acid / 24 h / 55 - 60 °C / bath temperature 2: conc. NH4OH, CuSO4*5H2O, NaCl / 3 h / 60 °C 3: 96 percent / 5percent aq. HCl / various solvent(s) / 1.5 h / 110 °C / bath temperature 4: acetonitrile / 2 h / 80 °C 5: 95 percent / toluene / 2 h / 80 °C 6: 100 percent / H2 / Raney nickel / bis-(2-methoxy-ethyl) ether / 16 h / 50 °C View Scheme

pyridine in toluene 1 h; Heating;

1: 89 percent / NH4Cl, polyphosphoric acid / 12 h / 180 °C 2: P2O5 / 0.75 h / 200 °C View Scheme

PPA; ammonium chloride T=180°C; 12 h;

1: 90 percent / 40percent H2O2, acetic acid / 24 h / 55 - 60 °C / bath temperature 2: conc. NH4OH, CuSO4*5H2O, NaCl / 3 h / 60 °C View Scheme

copper(l) chloride 0.25 h; Ambient temperatureexothermic reaction;

1: 90 percent / 40percent H2O2, acetic acid / 24 h / 55 - 60 °C / bath temperature 2: conc. NH4OH, CuSO4*5H2O, NaCl / 3 h / 60 °C 3: 96 percent / 5percent aq. HCl / various solvent(s) / 1.5 h / 110 °C / bath temperature 4: acetonitrile / 2 h / 80 °C 5: 95 percent / toluene / 2 h / 80 °C 6: 0.28 g / 50percent aq. KOH / tetrabutylammonium chloride / toluene / 2 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 90 percent / 40percent H2O2, acetic acid / 24 h / 55 - 60 °C / bath temperature 2: conc. NH4OH, CuSO4*5H2O, NaCl / 3 h / 60 °C 3: 96 percent / 5percent aq. HCl / various solvent(s) / 1.5 h / 110 °C / bath temperature 4: acetonitrile / 2 h / 80 °C 5: 100 percent / toluene / 2 h / 80 °C 6: H2 / Raney nickel / ethanol / 8 h / 60 °C View Scheme

1: 90 percent / 40percent H2O2, acetic acid / 24 h / 55 - 60 °C / bath temperature 2: conc. NH4OH, CuSO4*5H2O, NaCl / 3 h / 60 °C 3: 96 percent / 5percent aq. HCl / various solvent(s) / 1.5 h / 110 °C / bath temperature 4: acetonitrile / 2 h / 80 °C 5: 100 percent / toluene / 2 h / 80 °C View Scheme

dihydrogen peroxide; acetic acid T=55 - 60°C; 24 h; bath temperature;