1: in tetrahydrofuran; toluene T=55°C; 10 h; high-dilution; 2: With sodium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran; toluene T=20°C; 48 h;

potassium fluoride; N-benzyl-N,N,N-triethylammonium chloride in dichloromethane T=20°C;

pyridine in dichloromethane T=20°C; 56 h;

1.1: benzene / 1 h / 35 - 40 °C 1.2: 80 percent / benzene / 2 h / Heating 2.1: 95 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / ethanol / 20 °C 3.1: toluene; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 55 °C / high-dilution 3.2: 37 percent / NaOH / toluene; tetrahydrofuran / 48 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 95 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / ethanol / 20 °C 2.1: toluene; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 55 °C / high-dilution 2.2: 37 percent / NaOH / toluene; tetrahydrofuran / 48 h / 20 °C View Scheme