ZnO/MgO containing ZnO nanoparticles T=20°C; Knoevenagel condensation; 0.416667 h; Ionic liquid;

ammonium chloride in water Knoevenagel condensation; 0.05 h; microwave irradiation;

sulfuric acid 12 h; Heating;

1: piperidine / ethanol / 20 °C 2: sodium hydroxide; hydrogenchloride; water 3: 12 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1: sodium hydroxide; hydrogenchloride; water 2: 12 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1: alkali metal carbonate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / |Reflux 2: lithium hydroxide hydrate / tetrahydrofuran; water / 1 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1: 80 percent / potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide 2: 85 percent / KOH / H2O / 1 h / Heating 3: thionyl chloride / benzene / 2 h / Heating 4: hydrogen / Pd-BaSO4, sulphur-quinoline poison / xylene / Heating 5: 90 percent / HCl (gas) / benzene / overnight 6: 70 percent / hydrogen / Pd-C / tetrahydrofuran / Ambient temperature 7: 45 percent / diethyl ether; tetrahydrofuran / 0.33 h 8: 90 percent / hydrazine hydrate / Raney-Ni / methanol / 1 h / Heating 9: 85 percent / pyridine / 6 h / Ambient temperature 10: 70 percent / PTSA / benzene / 0.5 h / Heating 11: 95 percent / liquor ammonia / methanol / 0.75 h View Scheme