toluene-4-sulfonic acid; triphenylphosphine 15 h; Heating;

1: With copper diacetate; potassium ethylxanthate in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=80°C; 15 h; Inert atmosphere; 2: With hydrogenchloride in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=20°C; 8 h;

1,10-phenanthroline; CuCl2·2H2O; potassium carbonate; sulfur in water T=100°C; 24 h;

1: 76 percent / aq. potassium hydroxide / 5 h / Heating 2: 90 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid; triphenylphosphine / 15 h / Heating View Scheme

1.1: benzoyl chloride / acetone / 1 h / Heating 1.2: 91 percent / aq. NaOH / 1.5 h / Heating 2.1: 64 percent / bromine / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / Heating 3.1: 76 percent / aq. potassium hydroxide / 5 h / Heating 4.1: 90 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid; triphenylphosphine / 15 h / Heating View Scheme

1: 64 percent / bromine / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / Heating 2: 76 percent / aq. potassium hydroxide / 5 h / Heating 3: 90 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid; triphenylphosphine / 15 h / Heating View Scheme

1.1: tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 20 °C 2.1: potassium ethylxanthate; copper diacetate / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 15 h / 80 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.2: 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme