1: 79 percent / POCl3 / acetonitrile / Heating 2: 98 percent / Morpholin / Heating 3: 56 percent / Ph3RhCl / toluene / 20 h / 120 °C 4: 48 percent / KOH / ethanol / 24 h / Heating 5: 11 percent / Cu / quinoline / 2 h / 210 °C View Scheme