methanol in hexane; ethyl acetate T=20°C; 1 h; Product distribution / selectivity;

1: With sodium hydroxide in water T=100 - 110°C; P=2250.23 Torr; 2 h; 2: With sulfuric acid; water pH=1.5; Product distribution / selectivity;

sodium hydroxide; water in ethanol 18 h; Heating / reflux;

1: With sodium methylate in methanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=60°C; 2: With trans-3-chloroacrylyl chloride T=80°C; 2.5 h; 3: With sodium hydroxide; sulfuric acid; water; calcium chloride Product distribution / selectivity; more than 3 stages;

1: methyl 2-carbomethoxy-3-methylbutyrate With sodium methylate in methanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=60°C; 1 h; 2: trans-3-chloroacrylyl chloride T=80°C; 3 h; 3: With lithium chloride in methanol T=140 - 142°C; 8 h;

1: With calcium chloride in methanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=140 - 145°C; 12 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride; water in tert-butyl methyl ether 3: With sodium hydroxide; sulfuric acid; water Product distribution / selectivity; more than 3 stages;

1: With methanol; lithium chloride in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=140 - 142°C; 8 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride; water in tert-butyl methyl ether Product distribution / selectivity;