1: hydrogenchloride / 3 h / 45 °C 2: hydrogenchloride; water; trifluoroacetic acid / Inert atmosphere 3: 2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; iodine; palladium diacetate / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; iodine; palladium diacetate Inert atmosphere;

1: hydrogenchloride; water; trifluoroacetic acid / Inert atmosphere 2: 2,2'-azo-bisisobutyronitrile; iodine; palladium diacetate / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

in N,N-dimethyl-formamide Inert atmosphere;