2: 2-chlorophenyl dichlorophosphate / Ambient temperature 3: thiolacetic acid / dioxane; H2O / 0 °C 4: 1M NaOH View Scheme

sodium hydroxide in 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol T=20°C; benzylation; 72 h;

in N,N-dimethyl acetamide T=20°C; benzylation; 72 h;

1: pyridine / 24 h / Ambient temperature 2: K2CO3, 18-crown-6-ether / dimethylformamide / 36 h / 40 °C 3: 5N NaOH / ethanol / 0.83 h / Heating 4: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / Ambient temperature 5: 98 percent / imidazole / dimethylformamide / 14 h / Ambient temperature 6: 97 percent / p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, pyridine / 24 h / Heating 7: 55 percent / isoamyl nitrite, CH2I2 / 0.33 h / 100 °C 8: (PhCN)2PdCl2 / acetonitrile / 14 h / 100 °C 9: NH3 / methanol 10: 70 percent / NH3 / methanol / 12 h / 120 °C 11: 91 percent / tetrabutylammonium fluoride / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: pyridine / 24 h / Ambient temperature 2: K2CO3, 18-crown-6-ether / dimethylformamide / 36 h / 40 °C 3: 5N NaOH / ethanol / 0.83 h / Heating 4: TFA / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1: CH2Cl2 2: SOCl2 / dimethylformamide; CH2Cl2 3: Alumina, MeOH 4: NEt3 / 1,2-dimethoxy-ethane View Scheme