potassium hydroxide in ethanol T=90 - 100°C; 3 h;

2: 87 percent / FeSO4*7H2O, conc. HCl / H2O; ethanol; liquid ammonia / 1 h / 80 °C 3: 58 percent / 10percent KOH / ethanol / 3 h / 90 - 100 °C View Scheme

1: 44 percent / 96percent HNO3 / 16 h / 20 °C 3: 87 percent / FeSO4*7H2O, conc. HCl / H2O; ethanol; liquid ammonia / 1 h / 80 °C 4: 58 percent / 10percent KOH / ethanol / 3 h / 90 - 100 °C View Scheme

in diethyl ether T=20°C; 26 h;

isopentyl nitrite in ethylene glycol dimethyl ether 0.5 h; Heating; Yields of byproduct given;