1: 66 percent / aqueous ammonia / CHCl3 / 10 - 30 °C 2: 40 percent / sodium hydride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: 66 percent / aqueous ammonia / CHCl3 / 10 - 30 °C 2: 40 percent / sodium hydride / tetrahydrofuran / 0 - 20 °C 3: 94 percent / 18-crown-6 / acetonitrile 4: 60 percent / K2CO3; methanol / 20 °C View Scheme

1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 5 h / 0 - 20 °C 2: 18-crown-6 ether / acetonitrile / 5 h / Reflux 3: 5 Pd(II)/C(eggshell); hydrogen / ethanol / 1.5 h / 20 °C / 760.05 Torr 4: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 20 °C 5: triethylamine / 3.5 h / -78 °C / UV-irradiation; Inert atmosphere View Scheme