boron trifluoride diethyl etherate; water in methanol T=60 - 70°C; Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

1: 4.68 g / pyrrolidine; 33 percent acetic acid / methanol / 8 h / Heating 2: 99 percent / H2 / Pd/C / ethyl acetate / 4 h View Scheme

1: 95 percent / methanol 2: 90 percent / BF3*Et2O, H2O / methanol / 60 - 70 °C View Scheme

methanol; boron trifluoride diethyl etherate; water T=60 - 70°C; Yield given;

1: 51 percent / aq. p-TsOH / benzene / 70 h / Ambient temperature 2: 1.) n-BuLi, diisopropylamine, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -78 deg C, 10 min, 2.) THF, hexane, a) -78 deg C, b) -40 deg C 3: 95 percent / methanol 4: 90 percent / BF3*Et2O, H2O / methanol / 60 - 70 °C View Scheme

1: 1.) n-BuLi, diisopropylamine, HMPA / 1.) THF, hexane, -78 deg C, 10 min, 2.) THF, hexane, a) -78 deg C, b) -40 deg C 2: 95 percent / methanol 3: 90 percent / BF3*Et2O, H2O / methanol / 60 - 70 °C View Scheme

lithium diisopropyl amide in toluene T=-78 - 0°C; effect of HMPA and some additives (ligands) on the enantiomeric purity; MechanismProduct distribution;

lithium diisopropyl amide 2.) THF, -78 deg C, toluene; Yield given. Multistep reaction;