bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; copper(l) iodide; triethylamine in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=80°C; 1 h;

ammonium hydroxide in 1,4-dioxane T=70°C; 20 h;

1: 95 percent / CuI, (PPh3)2PdCl2, Et3N / dioxane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: 90 percent / conc. NH4OH / dioxane / 20 h / 70 °C View Scheme

1: 63 percent / isoamyl nitrite, CH2I2 / 0.42 h / 80 °C / Heating 2: 90 percent / methanolic ammonia / 17 h / 60 °C 3: 84 percent / CuI, bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium dichloride, Et3N / dimethylformamide / 1 h / 80 °C View Scheme

1: 95 percent / CuI, (PPh3)2PdCl2, Et3N / dioxane / 2 h / Ambient temperature 2: 90 percent / conc. NH4OH / dioxane / 20 h / 70 °C View Scheme