1: 5.48 g / aq. HCl / ethanol; CHCl3 / 1 h / 40 °C 2: 88 percent / potassium carbonate / dimethylformamide / 0.5 h / 60 - 70 °C 3: [hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene / CHCl3 / 24 h / 20 °C 4: 3.82 g / aq. sodium hydroxide; methanol / CHCl3 / 5 h / 25 °C 5: 91 percent / triethylamine; PPh3; CuI / PdCl2 / dimethylformamide / 2 h / 80 °C 6: 88 percent / hydrogen / palladium on carbon / methanol; dioxane 7: 85 percent / potassium carbonate / acetone / 0.42 h / 45 °C 8: 84 percent / potassium carbonate / acetone / 2 h / Heating 9: 57 percent / p-TsOH hydrate; acetic acid / toluene / 1.5 h / Heating 10: 91 percent / BCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2.5 h / 20 - 25 °C 11: 72 percent / aq. sodium hydroxide / methanol; dioxane / 0.33 h / 25 °C View Scheme