hydrogenchloride; water 5 h; Heating / reflux;

1: With sodium hydride in tetrahydrofuran T=20°C; 3.5 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride; water Heating / reflux; 3: With water; sodium carbonate pH=9;

1: sodium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 40 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: hydrogenchloride / water / 110 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

hydrogenchloride; iron in methanol; water 2 h; Reflux;

1: N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 4.25 h / 90 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2: acetic acid; iron / 100 °C View Scheme

1.1: hydrogenchloride; iron / ethanol; water / 40 °C / Reflux 2.1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 3.1: acetic anhydride; potassium acetate; acetic acid / chloroform / 0.25 h / 20 °C 3.2: 40 - 60 °C 3.3: 0 - 20 °C 4.1: triethylamine / 2,2'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'- binaphthyl; palladium dichloride / acetonitrile / 18 h / 100 °C / 15001.5 Torr View Scheme

1.1: hydrogenchloride; iron / ethanol; water / 40 °C / Reflux 2.1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 3.1: acetic anhydride; potassium acetate; acetic acid / chloroform / 0.25 h / 20 °C 3.2: 40 - 60 °C 3.3: 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: hydrogenchloride; iron / ethanol; water / 40 °C / Reflux 2.1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C 3.1: acetic anhydride; potassium acetate; acetic acid / chloroform / 0.25 h / 20 °C 3.2: 40 - 60 °C 3.3: 0 - 20 °C 4.1: triethylamine / 2,2'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'- binaphthyl; palladium dichloride / acetonitrile / 18 h / 100 °C / 15001.5 Torr 5.1: sodium hydroxide; water / methanol / 0 - 20 °C 5.2: pH 5 - 6 View Scheme

1.1: acetic acid; iron / 2 h / Reflux 2.1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 18 h 2.2: 1 h 3.1: acetic anhydride; potassium acetate; acetic acid; isopentyl nitrite / toluene / 3 h / Reflux 4.1: potassium carbonate; methanol / 1 h / Reflux 5.1: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / bis(benzonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride; 1,1'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene / 4 h / 135 °C / 11251.1 Torr View Scheme