1.1: 75 percent / NaOMe / methanol / 2 h / Heating 2.1: 74 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / methanol / 0.07 h 3.1: oxalyl chloride; DMSO; DIPEA / CH2Cl2 / -78 - 20 °C 4.1: aq. HCl / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h 5.1: LDA / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 15 h / -78 °C 5.2: 77 percent / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 74 percent / H2 / 10 percent Pd/C / methanol / 0.07 h 2.1: oxalyl chloride; DMSO; DIPEA / CH2Cl2 / -78 - 20 °C 3.1: aq. HCl / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h 4.1: LDA / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 15 h / -78 °C 4.2: 77 percent / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 100 percent / hydrogen / 20 percent Pd(OH)2/C / methanol / 18 h / 20 °C 2.1: 98 percent / pyridine / diethyl ether / 4 h / 20 °C 3.1: AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 3.2: 94 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating 4.1: 60 percent / Huenig base / CH2Cl2 / 24 h / 20 °C 5.1: 77 percent / aq. K2CO3; n-Bu3NHSO4 / benzene / 20 h / 20 °C 6.1: NaH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 6.2: aq. oxalic acid / 0 °C 6.3: AcOH; conc. HCl / 1.5 h 7.1: (COCl)2; DIPEA; DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / -78 - 20 °C 8.1: HMPA / tetrahydrofuran / 16 h / -85 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 30 percent aq. hydrogen peroxide; phenylselenic acid / CH2Cl2 / 48 h / 20 °C 1.2: KOH / methanol / 0.5 h / 20 °C 2.1: KOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 3.1: 100 percent / hydrogen / 20 percent Pd(OH)2/C / methanol / 18 h / 20 °C 4.1: 98 percent / pyridine / diethyl ether / 4 h / 20 °C 5.1: AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 5.2: 94 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating 6.1: 60 percent / Huenig base / CH2Cl2 / 24 h / 20 °C 7.1: 77 percent / aq. K2CO3; n-Bu3NHSO4 / benzene / 20 h / 20 °C 8.1: NaH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 8.2: aq. oxalic acid / 0 °C 8.3: AcOH; conc. HCl / 1.5 h 9.1: (COCl)2; DIPEA; DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / -78 - 20 °C 10.1: HMPA / tetrahydrofuran / 16 h / -85 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: KOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 2.1: 100 percent / hydrogen / 20 percent Pd(OH)2/C / methanol / 18 h / 20 °C 3.1: 98 percent / pyridine / diethyl ether / 4 h / 20 °C 4.1: AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 4.2: 94 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating 5.1: 60 percent / Huenig base / CH2Cl2 / 24 h / 20 °C 6.1: 77 percent / aq. K2CO3; n-Bu3NHSO4 / benzene / 20 h / 20 °C 7.1: NaH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 7.2: aq. oxalic acid / 0 °C 7.3: AcOH; conc. HCl / 1.5 h 8.1: (COCl)2; DIPEA; DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / -78 - 20 °C 9.1: HMPA / tetrahydrofuran / 16 h / -85 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 97 percent / DIBAH / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / -78 °C 2.1: 76 percent / PCC / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / 20 °C 3.1: 30 percent aq. hydrogen peroxide; phenylselenic acid / CH2Cl2 / 48 h / 20 °C 3.2: KOH / methanol / 0.5 h / 20 °C 4.1: KOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 5.1: 100 percent / hydrogen / 20 percent Pd(OH)2/C / methanol / 18 h / 20 °C 6.1: 98 percent / pyridine / diethyl ether / 4 h / 20 °C 7.1: AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 7.2: 94 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating 8.1: 60 percent / Huenig base / CH2Cl2 / 24 h / 20 °C 9.1: 77 percent / aq. K2CO3; n-Bu3NHSO4 / benzene / 20 h / 20 °C 10.1: NaH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 10.2: aq. oxalic acid / 0 °C 10.3: AcOH; conc. HCl / 1.5 h 11.1: (COCl)2; DIPEA; DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / -78 - 20 °C 12.1: HMPA / tetrahydrofuran / 16 h / -85 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 100 percent / K2CO3 / dimethylformamide / 3 h / 0 °C 2.1: 97 percent / DIBAH / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / -78 °C 3.1: 76 percent / PCC / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / 20 °C 4.1: 30 percent aq. hydrogen peroxide; phenylselenic acid / CH2Cl2 / 48 h / 20 °C 4.2: KOH / methanol / 0.5 h / 20 °C 5.1: KOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 6.1: 100 percent / hydrogen / 20 percent Pd(OH)2/C / methanol / 18 h / 20 °C 7.1: 98 percent / pyridine / diethyl ether / 4 h / 20 °C 8.1: AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 8.2: 94 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating 9.1: 60 percent / Huenig base / CH2Cl2 / 24 h / 20 °C 10.1: 77 percent / aq. K2CO3; n-Bu3NHSO4 / benzene / 20 h / 20 °C 11.1: NaH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 11.2: aq. oxalic acid / 0 °C 11.3: AcOH; conc. HCl / 1.5 h 12.1: (COCl)2; DIPEA; DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / -78 - 20 °C 13.1: HMPA / tetrahydrofuran / 16 h / -85 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: NaH / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 0 °C 1.2: 71 percent / tetrahydrofuran / -78 - 20 °C 2.1: 99 percent / DIBAL / toluene; diethyl ether / 1 h / -78 °C 3.1: 93 percent / PBr3 / diethyl ether / 0 °C 4.1: 63 percent / 160 °C 5.1: LDA / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 15 h / -78 °C 5.2: 77 percent / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 93 percent / PBr3 / diethyl ether / 0 °C 2.1: 63 percent / 160 °C 3.1: LDA / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / 15 h / -78 °C 3.2: 77 percent / tetrahydrofuran; hexane / -78 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: 98 percent / pyridine / diethyl ether / 4 h / 20 °C 2.1: AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 2.2: 94 percent / aq. HCl / methanol / 0.5 h / Heating 3.1: 60 percent / Huenig base / CH2Cl2 / 24 h / 20 °C 4.1: 77 percent / aq. K2CO3; n-Bu3NHSO4 / benzene / 20 h / 20 °C 5.1: NaH / dimethylsulfoxide / 3 h / 20 °C 5.2: aq. oxalic acid / 0 °C 5.3: AcOH; conc. HCl / 1.5 h 6.1: (COCl)2; DIPEA; DMSO / CH2Cl2 / 0.5 h / -78 - 20 °C 7.1: HMPA / tetrahydrofuran / 16 h / -85 - 20 °C View Scheme