hydrogen bromide 36 h; Heating;

hydrogenchloride 1.) ether, 12 h, room temp., 2.) conc. aq. HCl, reflux; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

1: 98 percent / ammonium bicarbonate, NH4OH / 4 h / 100 - 105 °C / autoclave 2: 70 percent / aq. HBr(48percent, d = 1.49) / 36 h / Heating View Scheme

diaminopimelate decarboxylase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis; pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; potassium chloride; triethylamine T=25°C; Enzymatic reaction; Kinetics;

sodium hydroxide; platinum(IV) oxide; cadmium(II) sulphide in water T=24.84°C; 20 h; Irradiation; Title compound not separated from byproducts.;

2: 1.) aq. NaOH, AcOH (pH 5.2), 2.) papain, L-cysteine, KH2PO4, Na2HPO4 / 2.) water, 24 h, 37 deg C 3: 91 percent / aq. HCl (d = 1.19), AcOH / 24 h / Heating 4: 1.) aq. NaOH (pH 8-9), dicyclohexylamine, 2.) aq. methanesulfonic acid / 1.) 0 deg C --> room temperature, 20 h, 2.) water, EtOAc 5: 89 percent / toluene-p-sulphonic acid / toluene / 5 h / Heating 6: 32 percent / KOH / phenylmethanol / 1.) 40 deg C, 7.5 h, 2.) 20 deg C, 16 h 7: 95 percent / NH3 / methanol / 144 h / 20 °C / autoclave 8: 99 percent / aq. HCl (d = 1.19), H2 / palladium-charcoal (3percent) / methanol / 4 h 9: 1.) CuBr2, aq. NaOH (pH 10 --> 8), 2.) aq. HCl, H2S (gas) / 1.) water, 20 deg C, 20 h, 2.) MeOH, 22 h 10: 1.) isobutyl chloroformate, Et3N, 2.) NaOH / 1.) THF, -6 deg C, 20 min, 2.) water, 0 - 20 deg C, 17 h 11: 78 percent / H2, AcOH / palladium-charcoal (10percent) / 12 h View Scheme

triethylamine in water 6 h;