hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal in methanol T=20°C; 2 h;

(1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride; sodium carbonate in 1,4-dioxane; water T=80°C; Suzuki cross-coupling; 2.5 h; Inert atmosphere;

1: 85 percent / Na2CO3 / trans-dichlorobis-(triphenylphosphine) palladium / dioxane; H2O / 12 h / Heating 2: 65 percent / H2 / Pd/C / methanol / 2 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 85 percent / Na2CO3 / trans-dichlorobis-(triphenylphosphine) palladium / dioxane; H2O / 12 h / Heating 2: 65 percent / H2 / Pd/C / methanol / 2 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: hydrochloric acid; water 2: ethanol; SnCl2; concentrated aqueous HCl View Scheme

1.1: acetic acid; sodium nitrite / water / 1.5 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: dichloromethane / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: ruthenium(III) chloride polyhydrate / isopropanol acetate / 15 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: sodium tetrahydroborate / methanol; water / 20 - 100 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme