1: With potassium hydroxide in 1,1-dimethylpropan-1-ol T=80°C; 48 h; 2: With hydrogenchloride in water T=20°C; pH=8;

hydrogenchloride in methanol; water T=60°C; 0.666667 h;

1.1: potassium tert-butylate / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 4.25 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.3: 2 h / 50 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium carbonate / dichloromethane; water 2.2: 18 h / 70 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: pyridine / 3.25 h / -15 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 18 h / 120 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 2 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: sodium carbonate / dichloromethane; water 1.2: 18 h / 70 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: pyridine / 3.25 h / -15 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 18 h / 120 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 2 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 18 h / 120 °C / Inert atmosphere 3: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 2 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: potassium tert-butylate / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.2: 4.25 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 1.3: 2 h / 50 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium carbonate / dichloromethane; water 2.2: 18 h / 70 °C / Inert atmosphere 3.1: pyridine / 3.25 h / -15 - 5 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.1: potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 18 h / 120 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 2 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1.1: pyridine; formic acid; chlorosulphonyl isocyanate / dichloromethane / 2.33 h / 0 - 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: manganese(IV) oxide; dirhodium tetraacetate; [bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene / dichloromethane / 18 h / 20 °C 3.1: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; triethylamine / dichloromethane / 5 - 20 °C 4.1: potassium tert-butylate / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 4.2: 4.25 h / Inert atmosphere 4.3: 2 h / 50 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: sodium carbonate / dichloromethane; water 5.2: 18 h / 70 °C 6.1: pyridine / -15 - 5 °C 7.1: potassium carbonate / acetonitrile / 3.5 h / 80 °C 8.1: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 18 h / 120 °C 9.1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1.1: hydrogenchloride / 1,4-dioxane / 18 h / 20 °C 2.1: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / anhydrous propionitrile / 0.17 h / 20 °C / Large scale reaction 2.2: 20 °C / Large scale reaction 3.1: zirconium tetrachloride / tetrahydrofuran / -5 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere; Large scale reaction 3.2: -5 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere; Large scale reaction 4.1: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 18 h / 120 °C 5.1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme

1: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 22 h / 120 °C 2: hydrogenchloride / methanol; water / 0.67 h / 60 °C View Scheme

1.1: 20 wt. Pd(OH)2 on activated carbon; hydrogen / ethanol / 72 h / 0 - 20 °C / 3102.97 Torr / Large scale reaction 1.2: 20 °C / Large scale reaction 2.1: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / anhydrous propionitrile / 0.17 h / 20 °C / Large scale reaction 2.2: 20 °C / Large scale reaction 3.1: zirconium tetrachloride / tetrahydrofuran / -5 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere; Large scale reaction 3.2: -5 - 0 °C / Inert atmosphere; Large scale reaction 4.1: potassium hydroxide / 3-methyl pentan-3-ol / 18 h / 120 °C 5.1: boron tribromide / dichloromethane / 0 - 20 °C View Scheme