hydrogen; palladium on activated charcoal in tetrahydrofuran; ethanol P=2585.7 Torr;

1.1: 18-crown-6 ether; potassium carbonate / acetone / 0.75 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Reflux 1.2: 16 h / |Inert atmosphere; |Reflux 2.1: palladium 10 on activated carbon; hydrogen / ethyl acetate View Scheme

in dichloromethane THF can be used instead of methylene dichloride.;

1: CH2Cl2 / THF can be used instead of methylene dichloride. 2: 0.36 g / 70percent Nitric acid / acetic acid / 0.75 h / 10 °C 3: 0.2 g / Concentrated hydrochloric acid / ethanol / 6 h / Heating View Scheme

1: CH2Cl2 / THF can be used instead of methylene dichloride. 2: 1) Ammonium nitrate, 2) aq. potassium carbonate / 1) THF, TFAA, 15 min, room temperature, 2) Methanol, water, 18 h, room temperature. View Scheme