in acetonitrile T=26.9°C; Rate constant;

potassium fluoride; 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl-4',4',5',5'-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane; (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride in methanol; toluene T=70°C; Suzuki coupling; 0.166667 h; microwave irradiation;

[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino) propane] dichloronickel(II) in tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether

1: copper(l) iodide; bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; triethylamine / tetrahydrofuran / 12 h / 65 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: methanol; potassium carbonate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 5-bromo-lt;2,2',5',2''gt;-terthiophene With magnesium; ethylene dibromide in tetrahydrofuran T=20°C; 1 h; sonication; 2: chloro-diphenylphosphine in diethyl ether; hexane T=20°C; 1 h; Further stages.;