1: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 3: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 4: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 5: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 6: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 7: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 8: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 9: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 10: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 3: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 4: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 5: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 6: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 7: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 8: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 9: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 10: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 11: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 12: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 13: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 14: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 15: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 16: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 17: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 18: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C 19: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 20: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: acetonitrile / 2 h / Heating 2: H2O; CHCl3 / 1.5 h / Ambient temperature 3: 78 percent / dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / ethyl acetate / Ambient temperature 4: 85 percent / CH2Cl2 / Ambient temperature 5: 95 percent / 1 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

sodium 4-nitrophenolate in 1,4-dioxane; water 24 h;

iron(III) chloride on silica T=70 - 72°C;

triethylamine in various solvent(s) 48 h; Ambient temperature; Yield given;

in water 0.5 h; Ambient temperature;

1: Candida antarctica lipase B / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: Bacillus subtilis 168 SrfAD esterase / dimethyl sulfoxide / 0.05 h / 30 °C / pH 7 / aq. phosphate buffer; Enzymatic reaction 2: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide / dimethyl sulfoxide / 8 h / 20 °C View Scheme

in 1,2-dichloro-ethane 5 h; Heating;