1: 83 percent / aq. KOH / methanol / 4.5 h 2: 94 percent / aq. cerium ammonium nitrate / acetonitrile / 0.75 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: water; potassium carbonate / methanol / 16 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: bromine; potassium carbonate / dichloromethane / 2 h / -78 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

1: 83 percent / aq. KOH / methanol / 4.5 h 2: 94 percent / aq. cerium ammonium nitrate / acetonitrile / 0.75 h / 20 °C 3: 85 percent / aq. sodium dithionite / diethyl ether / 0.5 h / 20 °C View Scheme

1: 77 percent / HNO3; acetic acid; Ac2O / 1.67 h / 0 - 5 °C 2: 100 percent / HCl / H2O; methanol / 1 h / 70 °C View Scheme

1: 90 percent / aq. KOH / ethanol / 1 h / 25 °C 2: 90 percent / (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 / acetonitrile; H2O / 0.5 h / 0 °C 3: 83 percent / methanol / 1 h / 25 °C 4: 73 percent / Cu(OAc)2 / Pd(OAc)2 / acetic acid / 19 h / 117 °C 5: 41 percent / tetrahydrofuran / -78 - 25 °C View Scheme

1.1: 92 percent / HNO3 / acetic acid; acetic anhydride / 0.75 h / 0 °C 2.1: 93 percent / KOH / ethanol; H2O / 2 h / 20 °C 3.1: 95 percent / H2 / Pd/C / methanol / 2.5 h / 20 °C / 800 - 900 Torr 4.1: acetonitrile / 48 h / 20 °C 4.2: Et3N; DMAP / CH2Cl2 / 4 h / 20 °C 4.3: 188 mg / Alox B Super 1; MnO2 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / 20 °C 5.1: 95 percent / (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 / acetonitrile; H2O / 2 h / 0 °C 6.1: 30 percent / tetrahydrofuran / 2.5 h / -78 °C View Scheme