1: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 2: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 3: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 2: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 3: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 4: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 93 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol; tetrahydrofuran / 23 °C 2: 98 percent / Py, DMAP / 0.17 h / 23 °C 3: m-CPBA / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 23 °C 4: Et3N, DHP / 0.5 h / 80 °C 5: 93 percent / KI, I2, DBU / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / 23 °C 6: 98 percent / nBu3SnH, AIBN / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / Heating 7: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 8: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 9: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 10: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 11: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 82 percent / I2, Ph3P, imidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 23 °C 2: 93 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol; tetrahydrofuran / 23 °C 3: 98 percent / Py, DMAP / 0.17 h / 23 °C 4: m-CPBA / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 23 °C 5: Et3N, DHP / 0.5 h / 80 °C 6: 93 percent / KI, I2, DBU / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / 23 °C 7: 98 percent / nBu3SnH, AIBN / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / Heating 8: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 9: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 10: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 11: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 12: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 93 percent / KI, I2, DBU / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / 23 °C 2: 98 percent / nBu3SnH, AIBN / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / Heating 3: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 4: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 5: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 6: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 7: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 2: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 3: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 4: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 5: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 2: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 98 percent / nBu3SnH, AIBN / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / Heating 2: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 3: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 4: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 5: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 6: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: 98 percent / Py, DMAP / 0.17 h / 23 °C 2: m-CPBA / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 23 °C 3: Et3N, DHP / 0.5 h / 80 °C 4: 93 percent / KI, I2, DBU / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / 23 °C 5: 98 percent / nBu3SnH, AIBN / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / Heating 6: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 7: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 8: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 9: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 10: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

1: m-CPBA / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 23 °C 2: Et3N, DHP / 0.5 h / 80 °C 3: 93 percent / KI, I2, DBU / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / 23 °C 4: 98 percent / nBu3SnH, AIBN / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / Heating 5: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 6: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 7: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 8: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 9: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme