1: 97 percent / KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 0.75 h / 23 °C 2: 82 percent / I2, Ph3P, imidazole / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / 23 °C 3: 93 percent / NaBH4 / ethanol; tetrahydrofuran / 23 °C 4: 98 percent / Py, DMAP / 0.17 h / 23 °C 5: m-CPBA / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 23 °C 6: Et3N, DHP / 0.5 h / 80 °C 7: 93 percent / KI, I2, DBU / tetrahydrofuran / 0.67 h / 23 °C 8: 98 percent / nBu3SnH, AIBN / acetonitrile / 0.83 h / Heating 9: 90 percent / K2CO3 / methanol / 0.17 h / 23 °C 10: 99 percent / DCC, Cl2CHCOOH / dimethylsulfoxide / 0.25 h / 23 °C 11: 1.) Py, 2.) DMAP / 1.) MeCN, 0 deg C, 15 min, 2.) 23 deg C, 30 min 12: 88 percent / HCl(gas), HCOOH / toluene / 19 h 13: KOH / H2O; methanol; tetrahydrofuran / 10 h / 100 °C View Scheme

potassium carbonate in N,N-dimethyl acetamide T=30°C; 6 h;

in tetrahydrofuran Yield given;