1: 89 percent / 2 N NaOH / methanol / 2 h / 40 °C 2: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 30 min, 0 deg C; 12 h at room temp. 3: 97 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h 4: 89 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 5: 60 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 6: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 7: 90 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h 8: 59 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 9: 57 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 10: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2, 0 deg C; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 12 h at room temp. 11: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h View Scheme

sulfuric acid; benzene

1: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2, 0 deg C; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 12 h at room temp. 2: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h 3: 89 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 4: 60 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 5: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 6: 90 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h View Scheme

1: 57 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 2: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2, 0 deg C; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 12 h at room temp. 3: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h 4: 89 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 5: 60 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 6: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 7: 90 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h View Scheme

tetraphenylbismuth 4-toluenesulfonate hydrate; 2-(tert-butyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine in tetrahydrofuran 15 h; Ambient temperature;

1: 60 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 2: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 3: 90 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h 4: 59 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 5: 57 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 6: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2, 0 deg C; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 12 h at room temp. 7: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h View Scheme

1: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 2: 90 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h 3: 59 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 4: 57 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 5: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2, 0 deg C; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 12 h at room temp. 6: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h View Scheme

1: 1N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 2: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 3: 90 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h 4: 59 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 5: 57 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 6: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2, 0 deg C; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 12 h at room temp. 7: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h View Scheme

1: 90 percent / H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h 2: 89 percent / 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate / CH2Cl2 / 8 h / anodic oxidation 3: 60 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 4: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 5: 90 percent / 1 N HCl, H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 4 h View Scheme

1: 94 percent / 1 N NaOH / methanol / 4 h 2: 1.) N-methylmorpholin, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole; 2.) N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide / 1.) CH2Cl2; 2.) CH2Cl2, 1 h, 0 deg C; 24 h at room temp. 3: 1 N NaOH / methanol / 2 h / 40 °C 4: H2 / Pd/10percent on charcoal / methanol / 3 h View Scheme