potassium hydroxide in tetrahydrofuran; ethanol 4 h; Ambient temperature;

1: 84 percent / K2CO3, NaI / acetone / 10 h / Heating 2: 97 percent / KOH / ethanol; tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

sodium hydroxide

(i) aq. NaOH, (ii) /BRN= 3597157/; Multistep reaction;

1: With triethylamine in N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene Curtius rearrangement; 3 h; Heating; 2: With potassium hydroxide; glycerol in ethanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; toluene 2 h; Heating; Further stages.;