1: ammonia gas / 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 0.5 h / -30 °C 2: 67 percent / bromine, aq. potassium hydroxide / 1.) RT, 1 h, 2.) 70 deg C, 15 min 3: 1.) 48-50percent fluoroboric acid, isoamyl nitrite / 1.) ethanol, -10 deg C, 20 min, 2.) a.) hexane, from 0 deg C to RT, b.) reflux, 30 min 4: 66 percent / potassium permanganate / H2O / 3 h / Heating 5: 99 percent / diethyl ether / 1.) 0 deg C, 2.) RT, overnight 6: 70 percent / LAH / diethyl ether / 0.5 h / -78 °C 7: 1.) oxalyl chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide, 2.) triethylamine / 1.) methylene chloride, -60 deg C, 20 min, 2.) from -60 deg C to RT View Scheme

oxalyl dichloride; dimethyl sulfoxide; triethylamine 1.) methylene chloride, -60 deg C, 20 min, 2.) from -60 deg C to RT; Yield given. Multistep reaction;

methanol; sodium tetrahydroborate T=20°C; 3 h;

pyridine; malonic acid in water

piperidine in pyridine T=100°C; Yield given;