dichloro bis(acetonitrile) palladium(II); 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenyl-phosphino)xanthene in tetrahydrofuran; acetonitrile T=20°C; Kumada-Corriu reaction; 14 h; Inert atmosphere;

indium; tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0); lithium chloride in N,N-dimethyl-formamide T=100°C; 1 h; Inert atmosphere;

[Ni(CH3CN)6](BF4)2; diethylaluminium chloride; triphenylphosphine in dichloromethane; toluene T=20°C; hydrovinylation; P=7500.6 Torr; 1 h;

silver tetrafluoroborate in benzene