in acetone

toluene-4-sulfonic acid in o-xylene; water Reflux;

toluene-4-sulfonic acid; hydroquinone in various solvent(s) Heating;

toluene-4-sulfonic acid; hydroquinone; copper(l) chloride in toluene T=93°C; 2 h; various temperature and time, other solvent (C6H6); catalytic cleavage and pyrolysis of bis<4-(1-alkoxyethyl)phenyl> ethers; acid-catalyzed telomerization of the bis<4-(1-hydroxyethyl)phenyl> ether with alkanols (EtOH, t-BuOH); Product distribution;

toluene-4-sulfonic acid; hydroquinone; copper(l) chloride in toluene T=96°C; 1.5 h; various time; catalytic cleavage and pyrolysis of bis<4-(1-alkoxyethyl)phenyl> ethers; acid-catalyzed telomerization of the bis<4-(1-hydroxyethyl)phenyl> ether with alkanols (EtOH, t-BuOH); Product distribution;

toluene-4-sulfonic acid

T=230°C; 3 h; reaction time and temperature dependence; also in toluene in the presence of hydroquinone, CuCl, and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate at 98 deg C; activation energy, preexponential factor; Product distributionThermodynamic data;

T=140°C; Product distribution; Further Variations:Temperatures;

T=320 - 350°C; 5 h; influence of temperature and presence or absence of catalyst on the path of thermal and catalytic cleavage of subtrate; further temperature;