1: 99 percent / tetrahydrofuran; diethyl ether / 1 h / Ambient temperature 2: 63 percent / activated manganese dioxide / benzene / 15 h / Heating 3: 77 percent / (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 / H2O; acetonitrile / 0.5 h / Ambient temperature 4: 71 percent / AlCl3 / CH2Cl2 / 2 h / Ambient temperature View Scheme

1.1: zinc / tetrahydrofuran / 2 h / 20 °C / Reflux; Inert atmosphere 1.2: 1.17 h / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere 2.1: sodium hydroxide / methanol; water / 2 h / 20 °C 3.1: 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; BOP; triethylamine / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / 3 h / 20 °C 4.1: 1H-imidazole; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine / dichloromethane / 24 h / 0 - 20 °C 5.1: pyridine; phosphorus pentachloride / dichloromethane / 8 h / 0 °C 6.1: dichloromethane / 1 h / -30 - -20 °C 7.1: water / dichloromethane / 12 h / 20 °C 8.1: diisobutylaluminium hydride / dichloromethane; toluene / 12 h / -78 °C 9.1: n-butyllithium / diethyl ether / 0.5 h / 0 °C / Inert atmosphere 9.2: 2 h / 20 °C 10.1: tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride / tetrahydrofuran / 3 h / 20 °C 11.1: pyridine; 4-(N,N-dimethlyamino)pyridine; acetic anhydride / dichloromethane / 0.33 h / 0 - 20 °C 11.2: 0.25 h / 20 °C View Scheme

diisobutylaluminium hydride in dichloromethane T=-78°C; 2 h;

trichlorophosphate in chloroform 10 h; Heating;

1: 204.2 mg / K2CO3 / acetone / 6 h / 65 °C 2: 88 percent / DIBAL / CH2Cl2 / 1 h / -78 °C View Scheme

1: 84 percent / CuI / dimethylformamide; methanol / 30 h / Heating 2: 99 percent / POCl3 / CHCl3 / 6 h / Heating View Scheme

1.1: AlCl3, aluminium chloride; sodium chloride / neat (no solvent) / 0.03 h / 180 °C 2.1: tin(ll) chloride; hydrogenchloride / water / 5 h / 140 °C 3.1: potassium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / -35 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 3.2: |Inert atmosphere 4.1: trichlorophosphate / chloroform / 8 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1.1: tin(ll) chloride; hydrogenchloride / water / 5 h / 140 °C 2.1: potassium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / -35 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 2.2: |Inert atmosphere 3.1: trichlorophosphate / chloroform / 8 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1.1: potassium hydride / N,N-dimethyl-formamide / -35 - 40 °C / |Inert atmosphere 1.2: |Inert atmosphere 2.1: trichlorophosphate / chloroform / 8 h / |Reflux View Scheme

1: 48 percent / 40percent NaOH, Na2S2O4 / methanol; H2O / 8 h / Heating 2: 99 percent / POCl3 / CHCl3 / 6 h / Heating View Scheme